Or Is It Both

Just with one round of artillery strike, the psychological lines of defence built by the hard effort of Semseddin in the first fortress is on the brink of collapse. It just seems that the Ottoman commanders never understand one simple fact when they conscript a bunch of soldiers with low morales, that is the quantity of their army does not always turn into an advantage into battles, instead it is more likely to become a disadvantage considering the huge logistic wastage, and the fact that a huge conscript army without adequate training are very likely the first to collapse when they see blood, even before coming into contact with their enemies.

Or is it that the Ottoman commanders are too inefficient in their overall government structure in building an efficient full time regular army.