The circles he had created before were not real circles. They were an imitation of a circle, something that was akin to triplets or quads bicycles. They would work individually to reach a certain goal.
For real circles, they were more complex. Rather, they were one entity instead of divided runes. Saying that higher-tier runes were a collection of simpler runes wasn't that wrong.
For the current Arthur, he couldn't create temporary circles. He can't use more than one rune at the same time actively. He can use heal, which was a one-time activation, and then use detection. However, he can't use the Heal rune while he's using detection.
That's why if he wanted to teleport his goblins and Kira, he would have to create permanent circles. Either artifacts or runic cards, he would need a medium to create the circles.