Royal City
I've been thinking about this it
The dominance of ideology, state control and economic planning on urban planning and development in China is rapidly diminishing after economic reforms in 1978. With the declining role of state enterprises in the economy and investment in cities, the introduction of housing and land reform, and the opening up of Chinese cities to foreign investment, the state and centrally-planned economy have less significant role to play in influencing the development of cities. Past urban planning practices, which were legitimized by the socialist ideology of planned growth, are now fundamentally challenged. Economic reforms have triggered reorganization of the economy and society on which urban planning operates. Decentralization of decision making, market-led urban development initiatives, retreat from socialist ideology, deregulation and increase in the number of actors and conflicts of interests in land development have challenged fundamentally the practice of urban planning. The deficiency of the conventional urban planning system has been recognized. The enactment of the 1989 City Planning Act is a major milestone that tries to re-establish and formalize the urban planning system in China to meet the challenges. But, there are still many deficiencies of the urban planning system in dealing with the rapidly changing socio-economic environment. Some of these deficiencies can be traced to the legacies of past planning practice and some are deficiencies of the City Planning Act. Experiments are taking place in Chinese cities which aim to provide better guidance to urban planning and development control from a centrally-planned to transitional economy. These include urban district plans, detailed development control plans and zoning. From a broader examination of current global challenges that confront urban planning in various countries, it can be seen that the problems in China stem from the reorganization of state and market in urban planning. Urban planning in China is now at a crossroads. The urban planning system needs to undergo both institutional and philosophical reforms, such as the setting up of an urban planning commission, making the detailed development control plan statutory, setting up an independent planning appeal system, better coordination between development control and land leasing, increase in public participation, training of planners and strengthening of professionalism, in order for it to achieve its role in guiding urban development into the 21st century.
Progress in Planning
Volume 74, Issue 2, August 2010, Pages 53-106
Planning for sustainable accessibility: Developing tools to aid discussion and decision-making
Author links open overlay panelCareyCurtisaJanScheurerb
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progress.2010.05.001Get rights and content
Abstract
Planning policy goals now emphasise the need to plan for accessibility and it is clear that increasing the mode share of public transport is a key requirement. One of the enduring issues has been how to embed these policy aspirations into mainstream planning practice. There is considerable diversity of approach to measuring accessibility with no single perfect accessibility measure. Applications of accessibility tools in planning practice have tended to be single issue focussed. There remains a gap in accessibility tool development capable of providing a multi-focus perspective both on land use and transport integration, which also consider accessibility as a city wide application where access from every centre to every other centre is considered. In addition to these shortcomings, there is also a strong need for accessibility tools that can enhance the understanding of land use transport integration, not only for professional practitioners but for a wider range of stakeholders. To achieve this, the inputs and outputs of accessibility tools need to be communicated in an 'accessible' way too.
This paper demonstrates the application of a new accessibility planning tool and the way in which it has functioned as a trans-disciplinary communication tool to demonstrate the integration between land use and transport in a way that practitioners and stakeholders can fully understand. We show that it is critical to apply several measures in combination in order to present the necessary information to inform debate and deliberation. The most important driver, however, will be to apply measures framed around the way individuals make decisions in their travel plans—particularly in choosing between car and public transport. We argue that the dissemination of accessibility measures through visually well-represented media can significantly enhance understanding, making a contribution towards a productive discourse on future directions for urban form and mobility.
Progress in Planning
Volume 74, Issue 2, August 2010, Pages 53-106
Planning for sustainable accessibility: Developing tools to aid discussion and decision-making
Author links open overlay panelCareyCurtisaJanScheurerb
Show more
Outline
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progress.2010.05.001Get rights and content
Abstract
Planning policy goals now emphasise the need to plan for accessibility and it is clear that increasing the mode share of public transport is a key requirement. One of the enduring issues has been how to embed these policy aspirations into mainstream planning practice. There is considerable diversity of approach to measuring accessibility with no single perfect accessibility measure. Applications of accessibility tools in planning practice have tended to be single issue focussed. There remains a gap in accessibility tool development capable of providing a multi-focus perspective both on land use and transport integration, which also consider accessibility as a city wide application where access from every centre to every other centre is considered. In addition to these shortcomings, there is also a strong need for accessibility tools that can enhance the understanding of land use transport integration, not only for professional practitioners but for a wider range of stakeholders. To achieve this, the inputs and outputs of accessibility tools need to be communicated in an 'accessible' way too.
This paper demonstrates the application of a new accessibility planning tool and the way in which it has functioned as a trans-disciplinary communication tool to demonstrate the integration between land use and transport in a way that practitioners and stakeholders can fully understand. We show that it is critical to apply several measures in combination in order to present the necessary information to inform debate and deliberation. The most important driver, however, will be to apply measures framed around the way individuals make decisions in their travel plans—particularly in choosing between car and public transport. We argue that the dissemination of accessibility measures through visually well-represented media can significantly enhance understanding, making a contribution towards a productive discourse on future directions for urban form and mobility.
Research highlights
▶ How to turn the policy aspiration of planning for accessibility by public transport into mainstream planning practice. ▶ A review of the different accessibility measures. ▶ Visual mapping is a powerful means of in driving home the concept of 'land use transport integration'. ▶ Accessibility tools can be employed in a more inclusive way than conventional transport modelling tools providing opportunities for debate in plain and accessible language, assisting in lay person understanding and confidence in the outputs. ▶ Develops an understanding of accessibility 'benchmarks' to enable cities to be compared.
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Keywords
Sustainable transport
Public transport
Accessibility
Special issue articlesRecommended articlesCiting articles (140)
Professor Carey Curtis is at Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Western Australia. Her research interests are in sustainable transport, including land use and transport integration—including transit-oriented development and shared streets, personal travel behaviour, travel demand management, city planning and design, transport policy and implementation. Carey is a partner of the Australasian Research Centre for the Governance and Management of Urban Transport. She is a Commissioner of the Western Australian Planning Commission, and also sits on its Sustainable Transport Committee. Carey is Chair of the International Editorial Board and Research Articles Editor for the journal Urban Policy and Research. Carey is a member of the Planning Institute Australia and the Royal Town Planning Institute, UK. Carey has published widely on her research findings in academic journals, her most recent publication being the book Transit Oriented Development: Making it Happen.
Dr Jan Scheurer is a research associate and lecturer in urban design, transport planning, mobility culture and sustainability policy at the RMIT-AHURI Research Centre in Melbourne and the Curtin University Sustainability Policy Institute in Perth. He is also an adjunct Research Associate of the Australasian Research Centre for the Governance and Management of Urban Transport.
Amman witnessed major urban design reform during the 1990s, as high-rise buildings, fly-over junctions, and the widespread international style appeared. The 21st century was marked by the erection of Le Royal, the tallest building in Jordan in the luxurious district of Zahran. This research studies the effect of this high-rise building in Amman, in terms of urban design and as well as on the skyline of the city. A review of the history of the tall buildings in the Middle East is presented, and then a discussion of urban design through to the 1990s is offered. Various things are suggested to contribute to a livable environment for the future, including alterations to legislation and the incorporation of public opinion in future projects.
With an increasing concern regarding climate change and the increasingly higher rate of urbanization worldwide, cities are expected to play a more important role in the future global energy system. Therefore, sustainable urban development projects, so-called EcoCities projects, are carried out globally. EcoCities are normally focusing on minimizing energy use and greenhouse gas emissions as well as to serve as platforms for innovation fostering. One good example is Royal Seaport in Stockholm, Sweden in which an Innovation Arena has been established by the utilization of the Triple Helix innovation model where academia, industry and the city are cooperating. Due to the fact that EcoCity projects often are focusing on Innovation creation, this study defines a multi-level perspective framework for systems innovation in such projects. Based on previous studies on systems innovation from a multi-level perspective, the framework explains the occurrence of EcoCity projects as a reaction to the change in climate and urbanization as well as how EcoCities are acting as innovation platforms by simplifying the integration of emerging technologies in the city system. This paper also presents a hypothesis that EcoCity projects enable a shortened time for vision and ideas to transform into inventions and furthermore into innovations by reaching acceptance.
Cities
Volume 23, Issue 2, April 2006, Pages 149-159
Viewpoint
Le Royal in Amman: A new architectural symbol for the 21st century
Author links open overlay panelSamerAbu-Ghazalah
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2005.12.001Get rights and content
Amman witnessed major urban design reform during the 1990s, as high-rise buildings, fly-over junctions, and the widespread international style appeared. The 21st century was marked by the erection of Le Royal, the tallest building in Jordan in the luxurious district of Zahran. This research studies the effect of this high-rise building in Amman, in terms of urban design and as well as on the skyline of the city. A review of the history of the tall buildings in the Middle East is presented, and then a discussion of urban design through to the 1990s is offered. Various things are suggested to contribute to a livable environment for the future, including alterations to legislation and the incorporation of public opinion in future projects.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2019.12.062Get rights and content
Under a Creative Commons license
open access
Abstract
Smart city is a solution for urban planning. The urban population would grow to 6.4 billion by 2050. Smart city is an efficient planning method for future cities. Smart city uses data and technology to improve citizen's lives and business. Smart city leaders are playing an insightful role in guiding other smart city followers. This research uses the peer effects concept from social science to investigate the relationship between smart city and its peers. This research focuses on the overall smart city peer effects. Also, based on the smart city development levels, three groups (High, medium, and low level) are studied. This research applies an ARMAX model to identify peer effects. The results show the overall and medium level peer effects exist.
Progress in Planning
Volume 74, Issue 2, August 2010, Pages 53-106
Planning for sustainable accessibility: Developing tools to aid discussion and decision-making
Author links open overlay panelCareyCurtisaJanScheurerb
Show more
Outline
Share
Cite
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progress.2010.05.001Get rights and content
Abstract
Planning policy goals now emphasise the need to plan for accessibility and it is clear that increasing the mode share of public transport is a key requirement. One of the enduring issues has been how to embed these policy aspirations into mainstream planning practice. There is considerable diversity of approach to measuring accessibility with no single perfect accessibility measure. Applications of accessibility tools in planning practice have tended to be single issue focussed. There remains a gap in accessibility tool development capable of providing a multi-focus perspective both on land use and transport integration, which also consider accessibility as a city wide application where access from every centre to every other centre is considered. In addition to these shortcomings, there is also a strong need for accessibility tools that can enhance the understanding of land use transport integration, not only for professional practitioners but for a wider range of stakeholders. To achieve this, the inputs and outputs of accessibility tools need to be communicated in an 'accessible' way too.
This paper demonstrates the application of a new accessibility planning tool and the way in which it has functioned as a trans-disciplinary communication tool to demonstrate the integration between land use and transport in a way that practitioners and stakeholders can fully understand. We show that it is critical to apply several measures in combination in order to present the necessary information to inform debate and deliberation. The most important driver, however, will be to apply measures framed around the way individuals make decisions in their travel plans—particularly in choosing between car and public transport. We argue that the dissemination of accessibility measures through visually well-represented media can significantly enhance understanding, making a contribution towards a productive discourse on future directions for urban form and mobility.
Research highlights
▶ How to turn the policy aspiration of planning for accessibility by public transport into mainstream planning practice. ▶ A review of the different accessibility measures. ▶ Visual mapping is a powerful means of in driving home the concept of 'land use transport integration'. ▶ Accessibility tools can be employed in a more inclusive way than conventional transport modelling tools providing opportunities for debate in plain and accessible language, assisting in lay person understanding and confidence in the outputs. ▶ Develops an understanding of accessibility 'benchmarks' to enable cities to be compared.
Previous
Next
Keywords
Sustainable transport
Public transport
Accessibility
Special issue articlesRecommended articlesCiting articles (140)
Professor Carey Curtis is at Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Western Australia. Her research interests are in sustainable transport, including land use and transport integration—including transit-oriented development and shared streets, personal travel behaviour, travel demand management, city planning and design, transport policy and implementation. Carey is a partner of the Australasian Research Centre for the Governance and Management of Urban Transport. She is a Commissioner of the Western Australian Planning Commission, and also sits on its Sustainable Transport Committee. Carey is Chair of the International Editorial Board and Research Articles Editor for the journal Urban Policy and Research. Carey is a member of the Planning Institute Australia and the Royal Town Planning Institute, UK. Carey has published widely on her research findings in academic journals, her most recent publication being the book Transit Oriented Development: Making it Happen.
Dr Jan Scheurer is a research associate and lecturer in urban design, transport planning, mobility culture and sustainability policy at the RMIT-AHURI Research Centre in Melbourne and the Curtin University Sustainability Policy Institute in Perth. He is also an adjunct Research Associate of the Australasian Research Centre for the Governance and Management of Urban Transport.