There are many ways to determine if circuit boards are the same; the simplest is to check the serial number and manufacturer identification.
This point, after Huawei released their new CPU, many self-media platforms adopted this approach. However, when manufacturers or assemblers deliberately conceal or etch away the serial numbers and identifiers, or when they are missing due to explosions or fire, this method becomes very limited.
Compared to checking serial numbers and manufacturer identifiers, scanning the features of a circuit board or simply using image recognition technology is slightly more complicated. This kind of technology sounds incredibly powerful, but in reality, it's quite unreliable when put into practice. It's generally only effective within the manufacturing facility; once outside, especially in the field of criminal investigation, database issues can drive people crazy.