Ko Ching dies and receives the posthumous title of wife of a mandarin
of the fifth rank. Phoenix takes over the household management in the
Ningkuo palace.
TOWARDS THE END OF THE YEAR THE NEWS CAME FROM YANGCHOW
that Black Jade's father, Ling Ju Hai, was very ill and urgently desired
to see his daughter once more. The Princess Ancestress thought it right
that the father's wish should be granted, and so she sent her grand‐
daughter home under the escort of her cousin, Chia Lien. Pao Yu was
naturally very sad at being deprived of the company of his favorite
cousin for a considerable time. Phoenix, too, found it hard to bear the
long separation from her husband. Added to this was her anxiety for
the seriously sick friend in the eastern palace. She passed the lonely
evenings until bedtime as best she could chatting and gossiping mer‐
rily with the maid Little Ping.
One night, though tired from talking and working late, her restless
thoughts kept her lying awake long after her maid Ping was fast
asleep. By patiently counting on her fingers she had at last man‐
aged to lull herself into an uncertain doze. Outside, the third beat of
the drum had just announced midnight when it seemed to her that her
niece Ko Ching was standing beside her bed.
"Well may you sleep, dear," Ko Ching said to her, smiling, "but I,
of course, have to set out on the return journey today. Would you not
like to accompany me part of the way? We have always been so fond
of each other and understand each other so well that I did not wish
to go without saying good‐by to you. Besides, I have many things to
say to you which I would never confide to anyone else. For you are
not an average woman, and in the matter of intellect and energy you
are the equal of any man or any high official."
She now explained ih a long discourse that she was concerned for
the future of the house of Chia. True, the Chia clan had endured,
strong and powerful, for hundreds of years already, but blossoming is
likely to be followed by decay, and the day might come when the
mighty tree would fall, and the crowd of monkeys which it had sheltered
in its branches and crown up till now would be scattered in every direc‐
tion. This meant that in good times provision should be made for bad
times. Two things were on her mind: the consolidation of the family
school and insurance of the perpetuity of the quarterly sacrifices to the
ancestors. She entertained a fear lest lean times should come when there
would be no funds available for these two objects. She would there‐
fore like to recommend the Elders of the clan to take advantage of the
present favorable circumstances and buy up as much land and property
as possible in the neighborhood of the family vaults, thereby forming
a lasting and inalienable family foundation. The purpose of this foun‐
dation must be to maintain the family school and assure the perpetuity
of the ancestors' sacrifices from the proceeds of the communal lands.
A fortune dedicated to such cultural purposes would, even if the worst
came to Fne worst, be safe from seizures by the State in the event of
the offices and dignities of the heads of indjvidual families being for‐
feited and their private fortunes confiscated, in consequence of Im‐
perial disfavor or the like. In such an emergency the members of the
family concerned would, moreover, find a place of refuge in the lands
of the family foundation, where they could continue to support them‐
selves by farming. The family school would then give the sons and
grandsons the possibility of rising in the world once more. Farming
and education these were the two solid pillars upon which a great
aristocratic family like the Chia clan must rely if the inevitable vicis‐
situdes of fortune were to be outlived and if the clan was to be proof
against downfall. The speaker ended with the quotation:
Spring passes, fragrance fades,
Be watchful of the position acquired.
Phoenix had followed this intelligent discourse with profound atten‐
tion. She was just about to ask some questions when, through the still‐
ness of the night, she heard the Cloud Gong booming at the second
gateway. Its heavy thud resounded four times. That was the signal that
somebody in the house had died. Phoenix started up, alarmed, out of
her light sleep, and immediately a messenger appeared with the an‐
nouncement that Mistress Yung of the eastern palace had just passed
away. Phoenix dressed quickly and hurried over to her aunt, Madame
Cheng. Needless to say, the sad news of the early death of the young
and beautiful lady, who was so universally beloved, caused sobbing
and lamenting everywhere, in the eastern as well as in the western
palace.
Pao Yu also got news of the death during the night while he was in
bed. It made him start up violently and jump out of bed. As he did so
he felt a stab through his heart like the stab of a dagger and at the
same moment he spat up a mouthful of blood. The maids ran to him in
consternation and asked what was the matter with him and whether
they should send for a doctor, but he would not have it.
"It is of no importance," he said. "It is a little heart attack caused
by the sudden shock. Some blood has gone out of its course."
He dressed and went to the Princess Ancestress to ask permission
to go over while it was still night to visit the bier. The Princess An‐
cestress pointed out in vain that one should avoid the unclean proximity
of a fresh corpse, that his health might suffer if he were to go out in the
middle of a winter's night, and that it would be wiser to wait until the
morning. He would not be dissuaded. At last the anxious Ancestress
allowed him to go in a closed carriage and in the care of a numerous
retinue.
Despite the late hour, he found the entrance gateway to the Ningkuo
palace wide open and brightly lit up, and there was an excited coming
and going of people with torches and lanterns in their hands. From the
inner rooms he could hear loud cries of lamentation which made the
hills tremble and the mountains shake. Pao Yu also gave free vent
to his sorrow with many tears and loud laments by the side of the
bier. Then he. greeted the relatives, who had come in a dense crowd.
A time of strenuous commotion and excitement now followed in the
Ningkuo palace; for Prince Chen made it his business to carry out the
customary mourning ceremonies in honor of the beloved departed with
all possible pomp. No less a person than the Court Necromancer of the
Imperial Observatory was given the order to fix the days and times of
the various ceremonies. He directed that the burial should! take place
in seven weeks' time; that during those seven weeks the body was to
remain on a bier in the house of, mourning; that on the third day after
the death the seven weeks' mourning ceremonies were to be opened
by the issue of the death notices; that a hundred and eight bonzes were
to recite their Buddhist requiems in the great hall while ninety‐nine
Taoist priests were to offer sacrifice and pray according to the Taoist
rite for the salvation of the departed before an altar to be erected by
themselves in the Tower of Heavenly Balm. That, besides this, fifteen
bonzes and fifteen Taoist priests of high rank were to hold pious de‐
votions in front of the spirit tablet of the departed lady in the Hall of
Glorification in the Garden of Assembled Perfumes.
The only one of the whole clan whom the sad event left untouched
was the Elder of the house, the Prince Hermit Chia Ching. He himself
would ascend sooner or later into the heavenly spheres, so his message
ran. Why should he emerge now from his holy solitude and soil him‐
self again with the red dust of this world, after he had happily attained
to some degree of purification and perfection? Accordingly, he took
no further notice of the event, but remained in his hermitage, and left
the entire execution of the mourning program in the hands of his son,
Prince Chen.
Right at the beginning of the mourning period an episode occurred
which attracted much^notice and called forth great praise. A maid of
the deceased lady, one Jui Chu, in an effort to give visible expression
to her sincere sorrow at the death of her mistress, had hit her head so
hard against a wooden post that she had died of the effects. The whole
clan praised the behavior of this maid as an extraordinary and memo‐
rable example of self‐sacrificing fidelity and devotion, and Prince Chen
ordered that, as a reward, the brave girl should be buried with the
ceremony due to a granddaughter by blood and that her spirit tablet
also should be set up in the Hall of Glorification in the Garden of As‐
sembled Perfumes.
Yet another episode indicating praiseworthy piety and devotion was
announced. Another servant, one Pao Chu, nobly offered to allow
herself to be adopted posthumously as a daughter of the deceased
woman who was childless, in order that she might carry out during the
mourning period and at the funeral the difficult and onerous role in‐
cumbent on a surviving child, which demanded among other things
that she should walk by the coffin swaying from side to side during the
whole course of the funeral procession. Prince Chen accepted her offer
with grateful emotion and rewarded her by directing that henceforward
she should be called "Miss" and respected as a daughter of the house.
And Pao Chu undertook her duty as a daughter in such a conscientious
way and exaggerated to such an extent the prescribed lamenting and
wailing beside the coffin that she almost lost her life by it.
In his efforts to carry out the funeral with as much outward mag‐
nificence as possible, Prince Chen saw himself hindered, to his an‐
noyance, by one circumstance. "My son possesses neither rank nor
office," he reflected. "The only thing he has to be proud of is a title of
doctor of the first and lowest degree acquired by purchase. The in‐
scription on the banners of honor of his late wife will look paltry and
mean indeed. The deceased will, moreover, be deprived of any official
mourners. This is a painful deficiency."
Then it happened very appropriately that on the fourth day of the
firtt week of mourning, Tai Kuan, the influential chief Imperial eunuch
and superintendent of the Imperial Palace, came to pay a yisit. Mes‐
sengers went ahead bringing gifts for his sacrifice to the departed spirit.
Then he himself appeared in the big State sedan chair, his arrival
being ceremonially proclaimed by heralds and gong beaters. Prince
Chen invited him into the Pavilion of the Resting Bees, where they were
able to chat undisturbed, and in the course of the conversation he put
forward his request regarding promotion for his son. The* chief eunuch
understood at once what he was driving at with his guarded hints.
"If I understand you aright, you would like to give a greater air of
brilliance and importance to the funeral," he remarked, smiling.
"Your assumption is right, old Chancellor of the Interior," Prince
Chen hastened to confirm.
"Hm, your request comes just at the right time. I know by chance of
a nice, suitable vacancy for your son. Of the three hundred officers'
posts of command in the Imperial Palace Guard, there are two vacant
at the moment. True, one post I have already given away elsewhere
namely, to Count Hsiang Yang's son. Since the Count has requested
me repeatedly and urgently, and moreover had sent one thousand five
hundred silver taels to my house, I could not very well turn a deaf ear
to his request, especially as we are very old friends. Someone else has
applied for the remaining vacancy, it is true the fat Provincial Treas‐
urer Yung Hsing, who wants it for his son, but I have not answered his
request yet. You are therefore free to hand in a statement of your son's
curriculum."
The Prince did not have to be told twice; he ordered his secretaries
to write out the requested curriculum on nice red paper. The chief
eunuch read the paper on the spot, then he handed it to a young man of
his retinue with the words: "Take this paper to my old friend Chao,
the Minister of Finance. Give him my kind regards, and ask him to
prepare a document of investiture for an appointment of officer in the
palace guards with letters patent for a button of the fifth rank. Say that
I shall fetch the document myself tomorrow and bring with me the
appropriate amount of duly weighed sih ir."
The young attendant nodded and lef A little later the chief eunuch
himself stood up to go. Prince Chen p Jlitely accompanied him to the
outer gate.
"Shall I send the money to the Ministry or to your house?" he
asked, as his visitor got into the sedan chair.
"It might prejudice you with them if you sent it to the Ministry.
Better send me the round sum of a thousand taels to my house, then
you will have no further bother," was his answer. Prince Chen thanked
him exuberantly.
"When the mourning period is over I shall not fail to go personally
to your noble threshold and take my unworthy dog of a son with me,
so that he may dutifully make his kowtow of thanks to you," he assured
him.
As early as the following day Chia Yung received from the Ministry
his document of investiture and his letters patent of rank, and from
that day the spirit tablet of the deceased lady bore the inscription
"Spirit tablet of the Lady Ching, by marriage of the house of Chia, by
Imperial patent wife of a Mandarin of the fifth rank."
In front of the wide‐open outer gates of the Garden of Assembled
Perfumes there shone from high posts two bright red notices, visible
from a distance, which announced in large gold letters that the
obsequies of "Lady Ching, by letters patent wife of an officer of the
Imperial Palace Guard in the inner precincts of the Red Forbidden
City" were being held here.
Prince Chen was very happy and relieved that his request had been
granted so quickly. But there was still another dilemma which greatly
disquieted him.
His wife was ill and confined to bed, and just in these days when
there was ^a rush of visits and receptions, and there were so many
arrangements to be made, the mistress of the house, who could deputize
for him with dignity and keep the servants in control, was sadly missed.
Her absence was a calamity. How easily could transgressions against
custom occur, which would leave him open to the mockery of his noble
and illustrious guests. As it was, the servants were used to easy disci‐
pline and now, without direction and supervision, they would if possible
be even more careless. The Prince was in a sweat of anxiety, and con‐
fided the matter to his cousin Pao Yu. The advice which Pao Yu
whispered in his ear made his troubled face brighten up, and he re‐
solved to follow it at once.
He left his male guests alone and appeared shortly afterwards ac‐
companied by Pao Yu in the ladies' sitting room. As luck had it, there
were present only Princess Shieh, Madame Cheng, Madame Phoenix,
and a few other ladies, all close relations. Prince Chen himself did not
feel very well today and was exhausted from the rushing around and
night watching of the last few days. He had twinges of pain in his limbs,
and limped into the room, supported on a stick, groaning and with
difficulty. The ladies rose from their seats when he appeared, and
Princess Shieh asked anxiously: "Do you not feel well? You look ex‐
hausted, you should rest and take care of yourself."
The Prince, clutching his stick, got down on his knees with difficulty
to salute the ladies with his tsing an. The ladies signed to Pao Yu to
help him up, and asked him to take a seat. But the Prince modestly
insisted on making his request standing.
"The unworthy nephew has come here to ask a favor of the two
worthy aunts and the esteemed cousin," he began, forcing himself to
smile. And then he told of the embarrassment he was in owing to the
lady of the house being laid up just now, and he asked if Madame
Phoenix would be willing to help out by taking over the role of mistress
ol the house during the weeks of mourning.
That all depends on whether Aunt Cheng can do without her," re‐
marked Princess Shieh laughing.
"She is still young and inexperienced, and will scarcely be able to
undertake such a difficult task. What if she were to make some mis‐
take?' It would be better if you would ask someone else," said Aunt
Cheng, dubiously.
But Phoenix did not consider the matter for long. She was confident
of her ability for the difficult task, and as the princely cousin begged
and implored so pathetically, she gave her consent. The Prince thanked
her with a low bow and straight away gave her full authority in writing.
He warmly impressed upon her that she should manage the servants
and the palace housekeeping funds quite freely and absolutely at her
discretion just as if they were her own servants and her own funds.
Further, he suggested that she should move over to the Ningkuo palace
for the period of her management in order to spare herself the frequent
journeys back and forth. But Phoenix said, smiling, that she thought
she could not be done without in the Yungkuo palace either, so she
would prefer to come over every day.
That same day Phoenix took up the management. The first thing she
did was to make a list of the names of all the staff. And then, every
morning at half‐past six punctually, she held the roll call. With this list
in her hand and the wife of the majordomo Lai Sheng by her side,
she had each manservant and maidservant more than a hundred, in
all come to her one after another, and she herself set them their tasks
for the day. And even when she had had only a few hours' sleep, she
never missed this hour of the roll call. She demanded the same punctu‐
ality from the servants. Her own servants all had watches and were
trained to be punctual to the minute, she told the staff. There must also
be watches in the Ningkuo palace. Among other things, she introduced
a daily consultation hour from ten until half‐past eleven, when all re‐
quests and needs were to be submitted to her. Every evening at seven
o'clock she made the round of the entire premises. She took stern meas‐
ures against any dawdling or negligence. Once when a servant was miss‐
ing from the roll call she punished him with twenty strokes and the
deduction of a full month's wages. This had its effect. The slovenliness
which hitherto had reigned in the Ningkuo palace was replaced by stern
discipline, and the long weeks of mourning ceremony passed off to thi
great satisfaction of Prince Chen and, thanks to the energy and discre‐
tion of Phoenix, without the least violation of form or custom which
would have given cause for mockery or laughter.