Chapter 13 • To fight for one's freedom is not terrorism ?

Introduction:

Freedom is a fundamental human right that has been cherished and fought for throughout history. It is the ability to exercise one's rights, make choices, and live without oppression or undue restrictions. However, the pursuit of freedom often involves resistance against oppressive regimes or systems that deny individuals their basic rights. In this chapter, we will explore the notion that fighting for one's freedom is not terrorism but rather a justifiable and necessary means to secure and preserve individual liberties.

Defining Terrorism:

Before delving into the argument, it is crucial to establish a clear understanding of terrorism. Terrorism is commonly defined as the use of violence, intimidation, or coercion to achieve political, ideological, or religious objectives. It involves targeting innocent civilians, causing fear, and disrupting societal order. However, it is important to distinguish between acts of terrorism and acts of resistance in the fight for freedom.

The Fight for Freedom:

Historical Examples:

Throughout history, numerous examples demonstrate that fighting for freedom is not synonymous with terrorism. The American Revolution, for instance, was a struggle against British colonial rule, where individuals fought for their independence and the right to self-govern. The leaders of this revolution, such as George Washington and Thomas Jefferson, are celebrated as heroes, not terrorists.

Similarly, Nelson Mandela and the African National Congress (ANC) fought against apartheid in South Africa. Their struggle involved acts of resistance, including sabotage and armed resistance, to challenge the oppressive regime. Mandela, who spent 27 years in prison, is now revered as a symbol of freedom and justice.

International Law and Human Rights:

International law recognizes the right to self-determination and the fight against oppression. The United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) explicitly states that "everyone has the right to life, liberty, and security of person" (Article 3). It further emphasizes that "no one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment"

(Article 2)These provisions acknowledge the legitimacy of fighting for freedom when basic human rights are violated.

Nonviolent Resistance:

While armed resistance is one form of fighting for freedom, nonviolent resistance has also proven to be effective. Figures like Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King Jr. employed nonviolent means to challenge oppressive systems and secure civil rights. Their movements were rooted in the belief that violence only perpetuates more violence, and that peaceful resistance can bring about lasting change.

Contextual Factors:

To determine whether an act is terrorism or a fight for freedom, it is essential to consider the context in which it occurs. Oppressive regimes often suppress peaceful dissent, leaving individuals with limited options to express their grievances. In such circumstances, resorting to armed resistance may be seen as the only viable means to fight for freedom.

The Role of Democracy:

Democracy plays a crucial role in distinguishing between terrorism and the fight for freedom. In a democratic society, individuals have the right to express their grievances through peaceful means, such as protests, demonstrations, and political activism. However, when these avenues are closed off or ignored, individuals may feel compelled to resort to more drastic measures to secure their freedom.

The Importance of Legitimate Grievances:

Acts of resistance in the fight for freedom often stem from legitimate grievances. These grievances may include political oppression, economic inequality, social discrimination, or the denial of basic human rights. When individuals are systematically denied their rights and freedoms, they may feel compelled to take action to rectify these injustices.

Conclusion:

Fighting for one's freedom is not terrorism but rather a legitimate response to oppression and the denial of basic human rights. History, international law, and the examples of nonviolent resistance all support the notion that individuals have the right to challenge oppressive systems and fight for their freedom. It is crucial to distinguish between acts of terrorism, which target innocent civilians and aim to spread fear, and acts of resistance, which seek to secure and preserve individual liberties. The fight for freedom should be seen as a justifiable and necessary means to ensure a more just and equitable society for all.